Source code for hbp_validation_framework

"""
A Python package for working with the Human Brain Project Model Validation Framework.

Andrew Davison and Shailesh Appukuttan, CNRS, 2017-2020

License: BSD 3-clause, see LICENSE.txt

"""

import os
import re
import getpass
import json

import platform
import socket
from importlib import import_module
from pathlib import Path
from urllib.error import URLError
from urllib.parse import urlparse, urljoin, urlencode, parse_qs, quote
from urllib.request import urlopen

import ast
import simplejson
import requests
from requests.auth import AuthBase
from .datastores import URI_SCHEME_MAP
from nameparser import HumanName

# check if running within Jupyter notebook inside Collab v2
try:
    from clb_nb_utils import oauth
    have_collab_token_handler = True
except ImportError:
    have_collab_token_handler = False

TOKENFILE = os.path.expanduser("~/.hbptoken")


class ResponseError(Exception):
    pass


def handle_response_error(message, response):
    try:
        structured_error_message = response.json()
    except simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError:
        structured_error_message = None
    if structured_error_message:
        response_text = str(structured_error_message)  # temporary, to be improved
    else:
        response_text = response.text
    full_message = "{}. Response = {}".format(message, response_text)
    raise ResponseError(full_message)

def renameNestedJSONKey(iterable, old_key, new_key):
    if isinstance(iterable, list):
        return [renameNestedJSONKey(item, old_key, new_key) for item in iterable]
    if isinstance(iterable, dict):
        for key in list(iterable.keys()):
            if key == old_key:
                iterable[new_key] = iterable.pop(key)
    return iterable

class HBPAuth(AuthBase):
    """Attaches OIDC Bearer Authentication to the given Request object."""

    def __init__(self, token):
        # setup any auth-related data here
        self.token = token

    def __call__(self, r):
        # modify and return the request
        r.headers['Authorization'] = 'Bearer ' + self.token
        return r


class BaseClient(object):
    """
    Base class that handles HBP authentication
    """
    # Note: Could possibly simplify the code later

    __test__ = False

    def __init__(self, username=None,
                 password=None,
                 environment="production",
                 token=None):
        self.username = username
        self.verify = True
        self.environment = environment
        self.token = token
        if environment == "production":
            self.url = "https://validation-v2.brainsimulation.eu"
            self.client_id = "8a6b7458-1044-4ebd-9b7e-f8fd3469069c" # Prod ID
        elif environment == "integration":
            self.url = "https://validation-staging.brainsimulation.eu"
            self.client_id = "8a6b7458-1044-4ebd-9b7e-f8fd3469069c"
        elif environment == "dev":
            self.url = "https://validation-dev.brainsimulation.eu"
            self.client_id = "90c719e0-29ce-43a2-9c53-15cb314c2d0b" # Dev ID
        else:
            if os.path.isfile('config.json') and os.access('config.json', os.R_OK):
                with open('config.json') as config_file:
                    config = json.load(config_file)
                    if environment in config:
                        if "url" in config[environment] and "client_id" in config[environment]:
                            self.url = config[environment]["url"]
                            self.client_id = config[environment]["client_id"]
                            self.verify = config[environment].get("verify_ssl", True)
                        else:
                            raise KeyError("Cannot load environment info: config.json does not contain sufficient info for environment = {}".format(environment))
                    else:
                        raise KeyError("Cannot load environment info: config.json does not contain environment = {}".format(environment))
            else:
                raise IOError("Cannot load environment info: config.json not found in the current directory.")
        if self.token:
            pass
        elif password is None:
            self.token = None
            if have_collab_token_handler:
                    # if are we running in a Jupyter notebook within the Collaboratory
                    # the token is already available
                    self.token = oauth.get_token()
            elif os.path.exists(TOKENFILE):
                # check for a stored token
                with open(TOKENFILE) as fp:
                    # self.token = json.load(fp).get(username, None)["access_token"]
                    data = json.load(fp).get(username, None)
                    if data and "access_token" in data:
                        self.token = data["access_token"]
                        if not self._check_token_valid():
                            print("HBP authentication token is invalid or has expired. Will need to re-authenticate.")
                            self.token = None
                    else:
                        print("HBP authentication token file not having required JSON data.")
            else:
                print("HBP authentication token file not found locally.")

            if self.token is None:
                if not username:
                    print("\n==============================================")
                    print("Please enter your HBP username.")
                    username = input('HBP Username: ')

                password = os.environ.get('HBP_PASS')
                if password is not None:
                    try:
                        self._hbp_auth(username, password)
                    except Exception:
                        print("Authentication Failure. Possibly incorrect HBP password saved in environment variable 'HBP_PASS'.")
                if not hasattr(self, 'config'):
                    try:
                        # prompt for password
                        print("Please enter your HBP password: ")
                        password = getpass.getpass()
                        self._hbp_auth(username, password)
                    except Exception:
                        print("Authentication Failure! Password entered is possibly incorrect.")
                        raise
                with open(TOKENFILE, "w") as fp:
                    json.dump({username: self.config["token"]}, fp)
                os.chmod(TOKENFILE, 0o600)
        else:
            try:
                self._hbp_auth(username, password)
            except Exception:
                print("Authentication Failure! Password entered is possibly incorrect.")
                raise
            with open(TOKENFILE, "w") as fp:
                json.dump({username: self.config["token"]}, fp)
            os.chmod(TOKENFILE, 0o600)
        self.auth = HBPAuth(self.token)

    def _check_token_valid(self):
        url = "https://drive.ebrains.eu/api2/auth/ping/"
        data = requests.get(url, auth=HBPAuth(self.token), verify=self.verify)
        if data.status_code == 200:
            return True
        else:
            return False

    def _format_people_name(self, names):
        # converts a string of people names separated by semi-colons
        # into a list of dicts. Each list element will correspond to a
        # single person, and consist of keys `given_name` and `family_name`

        # list input - multiple persons
        if isinstance(names, list):
            if all("given_name" in entry.keys() for entry in names) and all("family_name" in entry.keys() for entry in names):
                return names
            else:
                raise ValueError("Name input as list but without required keys: given_name, family_name")

        # dict input - single person
        if isinstance(names, dict):
            if "given_name" in names.keys() and "family_name" in names.keys():
                return [names]
            else:
                raise ValueError("Name input as dict but without required keys: given_name, family_name")

        # string input - multiple persons
        output_names_list = []
        if names:
            input_names_list = names.split(";")
            for name in input_names_list:
                parsed_name = HumanName(name.strip())
                output_names_list.append({"given_name": " ".join(filter(None, [parsed_name.first, parsed_name.middle])), "family_name": parsed_name.last})
        else:
            output_names_list.append({"given_name": "", "family_name": ""})
        return output_names_list

    # def exists_in_collab_else_create(self, collab_id):
    #     #  TODO: needs to be updated for Collab v2
    #     """
    #     Checks with the hbp-collab-service if the Model Catalog / Validation Framework app
    #     exists inside the current collab (if run inside the Collaboratory), or Collab ID
    #     specified by the user (when run externally).
    #     """
    #     try:
    #         url = "https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/collab/v0/collab/"+str(collab_id)+"/nav/all/"
    #         response = requests.get(url, auth=HBPAuth(self.token), verify=self.verify)
    #     except ValueError:
    #         print("Error contacting hbp-collab-service for Collab info. Possibly invalid Collab ID: {}".format(collab_id))

    #     for app_item in response.json():
    #         if app_item["app_id"] == str(self.app_id):
    #             app_nav_id = app_item["id"]
    #             print ("Using existing {} app in this Collab. App nav ID: {}".format(self.app_name,app_nav_id))
    #             break
    #     else:
    #         url = "https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/collab/v0/collab/"+str(collab_id)+"/nav/root/"
    #         collab_root = requests.get(url, auth=HBPAuth(self.token), verify=self.verify).json()["id"]
    #         import uuid
    #         app_info = {"app_id": self.app_id,
    #                     "context": str(uuid.uuid4()),
    #                     "name": self.app_name,
    #                     "order_index": "-1",
    #                     "parent": collab_root,
    #                     "type": "IT"}
    #         url = "https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/collab/v0/collab/"+str(collab_id)+"/nav/"
    #         headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'}
    #         response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(app_info),
    #                                  auth=HBPAuth(self.token), headers=headers,
    #                                  verify=self.verify)
    #         app_nav_id = response.json()["id"]
    #         print ("New {} app created in this Collab. App nav ID: {}".format(self.app_name,app_nav_id))
    #     return app_nav_id

    # def _configure_app_collab(self, config_data):
    #     #  TODO: needs to be updated for Collab v2
    #     """
    #     Used to configure the apps inside a Collab. Example `config_data`:
    #         {
    #            "config":{
    #               "app_id":68489,
    #               "app_type":"model_catalog",
    #               "brain_region":"",
    #               "cell_type":"",
    #               "collab_id":"model-validation",
    #               "recording_modality":"",
    #               "model_scope":"",
    #               "abstraction_level":"",
    #               "organization":"",
    #               "species":"",
    #               "test_type":""
    #            },
    #            "only_if_new":False,
    #            "url":"https://validation-v1.brainsimulation.eu/parametersconfiguration-model-catalog/parametersconfigurationrest/"
    #         }
    #     """
    #     if not config_data["config"]["collab_id"]:
    #         raise ValueError("`collab_id` cannot be empty!")
    #     if not config_data["config"]["app_id"]:
    #         raise ValueError("`app_id` cannot be empty!")
    #     # check if the app has previously been configured: decide POST or PUT
    #     response = requests.get(config_data["url"]+"?app_id="+str(config_data["config"]["app_id"]), auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify)
    #     headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'}
    #     config_data["config"]["id"] = config_data["config"]["app_id"]
    #     app_id = config_data["config"].pop("app_id")
    #     if not response.json()["param"]:
    #         response = requests.post(config_data["url"], data=json.dumps(config_data["config"]),
    #                                  auth=self.auth, headers=headers,
    #                                  verify=self.verify)
    #         if response.status_code == 201:
    #             print("New app has beeen created and sucessfully configured!")
    #         else:
    #             print("Error! App could not be configured. Response = " + str(response.content))
    #     else:
    #         if not config_data["only_if_new"]:
    #             response = requests.put(config_data["url"], data=json.dumps(config_data["config"]),
    #                                     auth=self.auth, headers=headers,
    #                                     verify=self.verify)
    #             if response.status_code == 202:
    #                 print("Existing app has beeen sucessfully reconfigured!")
    #             else:
    #                 print("Error! App could not be reconfigured. Response = " + str(response.content))

    def _hbp_auth(self, username, password):
        """
        HBP authentication
        """
        redirect_uri = self.url + '/auth'
        session = requests.Session()
        # log-in page of model validation service
        r_login = session.get(self.url + "/login", allow_redirects=False)
        if r_login.status_code != 302:
            raise Exception(
                "Something went wrong. Status code {} from login, expected 302"
                .format(r_login.status_code))
        # redirects to EBRAINS IAM log-in page
        iam_auth_url = r_login.headers.get('location')
        r_iam1 = session.get(iam_auth_url, allow_redirects=False)
        if r_iam1.status_code != 200:
            raise Exception(
                "Something went wrong loading EBRAINS log-in page. Status code {}"
                .format(r_iam1.status_code))
        # fill-in and submit form
        match = re.search(r'action=\"(?P<url>[^\"]+)\"', r_iam1.text)
        if not match:
            raise Exception("Received an unexpected page")
        iam_authenticate_url = match['url'].replace("&amp;", "&")
        r_iam2 = session.post(
            iam_authenticate_url,
            data={"username": username, "password": password},
            headers={"Referer": iam_auth_url, "Host": "iam.ebrains.eu", "Origin": "https://iam.ebrains.eu"},
            allow_redirects=False
        )
        if r_iam2.status_code != 302:
            raise Exception(
                "Something went wrong. Status code {} from authenticate, expected 302"
                .format(r_iam2.status_code))
        # redirects back to model validation service
        r_val = session.get(r_iam2.headers['Location'])
        if r_val.status_code != 200:
            raise Exception(
                "Something went wrong. Status code {} from final authentication step"
                .format(r_val.status_code))
        config = r_val.json()
        self.token = config['token']['access_token']
        self.config = config

    @classmethod
    def from_existing(cls, client):
        """Used to easily create a TestLibrary if you already have a ModelCatalog, or vice versa"""
        obj = cls.__new__(cls)
        for attrname in ("username", "url", "client_id", "token", "verify", "auth", "environment"):
            setattr(obj, attrname, getattr(client, attrname))
        obj._set_app_info()
        return obj

    def _get_attribute_options(self, param, valid_params):
        if param in ("", "all"):
            url = self.url + "/vocab/"
        elif param in valid_params:
            url = self.url + "/vocab/" + param.replace("_", "-") + "/"
        else:
            raise Exception("Specified attribute '{}' is invalid. Valid attributes: {}".format(param, valid_params))
        return requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify).json()


[docs]class TestLibrary(BaseClient): """Client for the HBP Validation Test library. The TestLibrary client manages all actions pertaining to tests and results. The following actions can be performed: ==================================== ==================================== Action Method ==================================== ==================================== Get test definition :meth:`get_test_definition` Get test as Python (sciunit) class :meth:`get_validation_test` List test definitions :meth:`list_tests` Add new test definition :meth:`add_test` Edit test definition :meth:`edit_test` Get test instances :meth:`get_test_instance` List test instances :meth:`list_test_instances` Add new test instance :meth:`add_test_instance` Edit test instance :meth:`edit_test_instance` Get valid attribute values :meth:`get_attribute_options` Get test result :meth:`get_result` List test results :meth:`list_results` Register test result :meth:`register_result` ==================================== ==================================== Parameters ---------- username : string Your HBP Collaboratory username. Not needed in Jupyter notebooks within the HBP Collaboratory. password : string, optional Your HBP Collaboratory password; advisable to not enter as plaintext. If left empty, you would be prompted for password at run time (safer). Not needed in Jupyter notebooks within the HBP Collaboratory. environment : string, optional Used to indicate whether being used for development/testing purposes. Set as `production` as default for using the production system, which is appropriate for most users. When set to `dev`, it uses the `development` system. Other environments, if required, should be defined inside a json file named `config.json` in the working directory. Example: .. code-block:: JSON { "prod": { "url": "https://validation-v1.brainsimulation.eu", "client_id": "3ae21f28-0302-4d28-8581-15853ad6107d" }, "dev_test": { "url": "https://localhost:8000", "client_id": "90c719e0-29ce-43a2-9c53-15cb314c2d0b", "verify_ssl": false } } token : string, optional You may directly input a valid authenticated token from Collaboratory v1 or v2. Note: you should use the `access_token` and NOT `refresh_token`. Examples -------- Instantiate an instance of the TestLibrary class >>> test_library = TestLibrary(username="<<hbp_username>>", password="<<hbp_password>>") >>> test_library = TestLibrary(token="<<token>>") """ __test__ = False def __init__(self, username=None, password=None, environment="production", token=None): super(TestLibrary, self).__init__(username, password, environment, token) self._set_app_info() def _set_app_info(self): if self.environment == "production": self.app_name = "Validation Framework" elif self.environment == "dev": self.app_name = "Validation Framework (dev)" elif self.environment == "integration": self.app_name = "Model Validation app (staging)" # def set_app_config(self, collab_id="", only_if_new=False, recording_modality="", test_type="", species="", brain_region="", cell_type="", model_scope="", abstraction_level="", organization=""): # # TODO: needs to be updated for Collab v2 # inputArgs = locals() # params = {} # params["url"] = self.url + "/parametersconfiguration-validation-app/parametersconfigurationrest/" # params["only_if_new"] = only_if_new # params["config"] = inputArgs # params["config"].pop("self") # params["config"].pop("only_if_new") # params["config"]["app_type"] = "validation_app" # self._configure_app_collab(params)
[docs] def get_test_definition(self, test_path="", test_id = "", alias=""): """Retrieve a specific test definition. A specific test definition can be retrieved from the test library in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `test_path` 2. specify the `test_id` 3. specify the `alias` (of the test) Parameters ---------- test_path : string Location of local JSON file with test definition. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. Note ---- Also see: :meth:`get_validation_test` Returns ------- dict Information about the test. Examples -------- >>> test = test_library.get_test_definition("/home/shailesh/Work/dummy_test.json") >>> test = test_library.get_test_definition(test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec") >>> test = test_library.get_test_definition(alias="CDT-6") """ if test_path == "" and test_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("test_path or test_id or alias needs to be provided for finding a test.") if test_path: if os.path.isfile(test_path): # test_path is a local path with open(test_path) as fp: test_json = json.load(fp) else: raise Exception("Error in local file path specified by test_path.") else: if test_id: url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_id else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + quote(str(alias)) test_json = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if test_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving test", test_json) return test_json.json()
[docs] def get_validation_test(self, test_path="", instance_path="", instance_id ="", test_id = "", alias="", version="", **params): """Retrieve a specific test instance as a Python class (sciunit.Test instance). A specific test definition can be specified in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `test_path` and `instance_path` 2. specify `instance_id` corresponding to test instance in test library 3. specify `test_id` and `version` 4. specify `alias` (of the test) and `version` Note: for (3) and (4) above, if `version` is not specified, then the latest test version is retrieved Parameters ---------- test_path : string Location of local JSON file with test definition. instance_path : string Location of local JSON file with test instance metadata. instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test instance. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each test) associated with test instance. **params : Additional keyword arguments to be passed to the Test constructor. Note ---- To confirm the priority of parameters for specifying tests and instances, see :meth:`get_test_definition` and :meth:`get_test_instance` Returns ------- sciunit.Test Returns a :class:`sciunit.Test` instance. Examples -------- >>> test = test_library.get_validation_test(alias="CDT-6", instance_id="36a1960e-3e1f-4c3c-a3b6-d94e6754da1b") """ if test_path == "" and instance_id == "" and test_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("One of the following needs to be provided for finding the required test:\n" "test_path, instance_id, test_id or alias") else: if instance_id: # `instance_id` is sufficient for identifying both test and instance test_instance_json = self.get_test_instance(instance_path=instance_path, instance_id=instance_id) # instance_path added just to maintain order of priority test_id = test_instance_json["test_id"] test_json = self.get_test_definition(test_path=test_path, test_id=test_id) # test_path added just to maintain order of priority else: test_json = self.get_test_definition(test_path=test_path, test_id=test_id, alias=alias) test_id = test_json["id"] # in case test_id was not input for specifying test test_instance_json = self.get_test_instance(instance_path=instance_path, instance_id=instance_id, test_id=test_id, version=version) # Import the Test class specified in the definition. # This assumes that the module containing the class is installed. # In future we could add the ability to (optionally) install # Python packages automatically. path_parts = test_instance_json["path"].split(".") cls_name = path_parts[-1] module_name = ".".join(path_parts[:-1]) test_module = import_module(module_name) test_cls = getattr(test_module, cls_name) # Load the reference data ("observations") observation_data = self._load_reference_data(test_json["data_location"]) # Create the :class:`sciunit.Test` instance test_instance = test_cls(observation=observation_data[0], **params) test_instance.uuid = test_instance_json["id"] return test_instance
[docs] def list_tests(self, size=1000000, from_index=0, **filters): """Retrieve a list of test definitions satisfying specified filters. The filters may specify one or more attributes that belong to a test definition. The following test attributes can be specified: * alias * name * implementation_status * brain_region * species * cell_type * data_type * recording_modality * test_type * score_type * author Parameters ---------- size : positive integer Max number of tests to be returned; default is set to 1000000. from_index : positive integer Index of first test to be returned; default is set to 0. **filters : variable length keyword arguments To be used to filter test definitions from the test library. Returns ------- list List of model descriptions satisfying specified filters. Examples -------- >>> tests = test_library.list_tests() >>> tests = test_library.list_tests(test_type="single cell activity") >>> tests = test_library.list_tests(test_type="single cell activity", cell_type="Pyramidal Cell") """ valid_filters = ["alias", "name", "implementation_status", "brain_region", "species", "cell_type", "data_type", "recording_modality", "test_type", "score_type", "author"] params = locals()["filters"] for filter in params: if filter not in valid_filters: raise ValueError("The specified filter '{}' is an invalid filter!\nValid filters are: {}".format(filter, valid_filters)) url = self.url + "/tests/" url += "?" + urlencode(params, doseq=True) + "&size=" + str(size) + "&from_index=" + str(from_index) response = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error listing tests", response) tests = response.json() return tests
[docs] def add_test(self, name=None, alias=None, author=None, species=None, age=None, brain_region=None, cell_type=None, publication=None, description=None, recording_modality=None, test_type=None, score_type=None, data_location=None, data_type=None, implementation_status=None, instances=[]): """Register a new test on the test library. This allows you to add a new test to the test library. Parameters ---------- name : string Name of the test definition to be created. alias : string, optional User-assigned unique identifier to be associated with test definition. author : string Name of person creating the test. species : string The species from which the data was collected. age : string The age of the specimen. brain_region : string The brain region being targeted in the test. cell_type : string The type of cell being examined. recording_modality : string Specifies the type of observation used in the test. test_type : string Specifies the type of the test. score_type : string The type of score produced by the test. description : string Experimental protocol involved in obtaining reference data. data_location : string URL of file containing reference data (observation). data_type : string The type of reference data (observation). publication : string Publication or comment (e.g. "Unpublished") to be associated with observation. implementation_status : string Status of test: 'in development' / 'proposal' / 'published' instances : list, optional Specify a list of instances (versions) of the test. Returns ------- dict data of test instance that has been created. Examples -------- >>> test = test_library.add_test(name="Cell Density Test", alias="", version="1.0", author="Shailesh Appukuttan", species="Mouse (Mus musculus)", age="TBD", brain_region="Hippocampus", cell_type="Other", recording_modality="electron microscopy", test_type="network structure", score_type="Other", description="Later", data_location="https://object.cscs.ch/v1/AUTH_c0a333ecf7c045809321ce9d9ecdfdea/sp6_validation_data/hippounit/feat_CA1_pyr_cACpyr_more_features.json", data_type="Mean, SD", publication="Halasy et al., 1996", repository="https://github.com/appukuttan-shailesh/morphounit.git", path="morphounit.tests.CellDensityTest") """ test_data = {} args = locals() for field in ["name", "alias", "author", "species", "age", "brain_region", "cell_type", "publication", "description", "recording_modality", "test_type", "score_type", "data_location", "data_type", "implementation_status", "instances"]: if args[field]: test_data[field] = args[field] values = self.get_attribute_options() for field in ("species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "recording_modality", "test_type", "score_type", "implementation_status"): if field in test_data and test_data[field] not in values[field] + [None]: raise Exception("{} = '{}' is invalid.\nValue has to be one of these: {}".format(field, test_data[field], values[field])) # format names of authors as required by API if "author" in test_data: test_data["author"] = self._format_people_name(test_data["author"]) # 'data_location' is now a list of urls if not isinstance(test_data["data_location"], list): test_data["data_location"] = [test_data["data_location"]] url = self.url + "/tests/" headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(test_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 201: return response.json() else: handle_response_error("Error in adding test", response)
[docs] def edit_test(self, test_id=None, name=None, alias=None, author=None, species=None, age=None, brain_region=None, cell_type=None, publication=None, description=None, recording_modality=None, test_type=None, score_type=None, data_location=None, data_type=None, implementation_status=None): """Edit an existing test in the test library. To update an existing test, the `test_id` must be provided. Any of the other parameters may be updated. Only the parameters being updated need to be specified. Parameters ---------- name : string Name of the test definition. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string, optional User-assigned unique identifier to be associated with test definition. author : string Name of person who created the test. species : string The species from which the data was collected. age : string The age of the specimen. brain_region : string The brain region being targeted in the test. cell_type : string The type of cell being examined. recording_modality : string Specifies the type of observation used in the test. test_type : string Specifies the type of the test. score_type : string The type of score produced by the test. description : string Experimental protocol involved in obtaining reference data. data_location : string URL of file containing reference data (observation). data_type : string The type of reference data (observation). publication : string Publication or comment (e.g. "Unpublished") to be associated with observation. implementation_status : string Status of test: 'in development' / 'proposal' / 'published' Note ---- Test instances cannot be edited here. This has to be done using :meth:`edit_test_instance` Returns ------- data data of test instance that has been edited. Examples -------- test = test_library.edit_test(name="Cell Density Test", test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec", alias="CDT-6", author="Shailesh Appukuttan", publication="Halasy et al., 1996", species="Mouse (Mus musculus)", brain_region="Hippocampus", cell_type="Other", age="TBD", recording_modality="electron microscopy", test_type="network structure", score_type="Other", protocol="To be filled sometime later", data_location="https://object.cscs.ch/v1/AUTH_c0a333ecf7c045809321ce9d9ecdfdea/sp6_validation_data/hippounit/feat_CA1_pyr_cACpyr_more_features.json", data_type="Mean, SD") """ if not test_id: raise Exception("Test ID needs to be provided for editing a test.") test_data = {} args = locals() for field in ["name", "alias", "author", "species", "age", "brain_region", "cell_type", "publication", "description", "recording_modality", "test_type", "score_type", "data_location", "data_type", "implementation_status"]: if args[field]: test_data[field] = args[field] values = self.get_attribute_options() for field in ("species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "recording_modality", "test_type", "score_type", "implementation_status"): if field in test_data and test_data[field] not in values[field] + [None]: raise Exception("{} = '{}' is invalid.\nValue has to be one of these: {}".format(field, test_data[field], values[field])) # format names of authors as required by API if "author" in test_data: test_data["author"] = self._format_people_name(test_data["author"]) # 'data_location' is now a list of urls if "data_location" in test_data and not isinstance(test_data["data_location"], list): test_data["data_location"] = [test_data["data_location"]] url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_id headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.put(url, data=json.dumps(test_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 200: return response.json() else: handle_response_error("Error in editing test", response)
[docs] def delete_test(self, test_id="", alias=""): """ONLY FOR SUPERUSERS: Delete a specific test definition by its test_id or alias. A specific test definition can be deleted from the test library, along with all associated test instances, in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify the `test_id` 2. specify the `alias` (of the test) Parameters ---------- test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. Note ---- * This feature is only for superusers! Examples -------- >>> test_library.delete_test(test_id="8c7cb9f6-e380-452c-9e98-e77254b088c5") >>> test_library.delete_test(alias="B1") """ if test_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("test ID or alias needs to be provided for deleting a test.") elif test_id != "": url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_id else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + quote(str(alias)) test_json = requests.delete(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if test_json.status_code == 403: handle_response_error("Only SuperUser accounts can delete data", test_json) elif test_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in deleting test", test_json)
[docs] def get_test_instance(self, instance_path="", instance_id="", test_id="", alias="", version=""): """Retrieve a specific test instance definition from the test library. A specific test instance can be retrieved in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `instance_path` 2. specify `instance_id` corresponding to test instance in test library 3. specify `test_id` and `version` 4. specify `alias` (of the test) and `version` Note: for (3) and (4) above, if `version` is not specified, then the latest test version is retrieved Parameters ---------- instance_path : string Location of local JSON file with test instance metadata. instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test instance. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each test) associated with test instance. Returns ------- dict Information about the test instance. Examples -------- >>> test_instance = test_library.get_test_instance(test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec", version="1.0") >>> test_instance = test_library.get_test_instance(test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec") """ if instance_path == "" and instance_id == "" and test_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("instance_path or instance_id or test_id or alias needs to be provided for finding a test instance.") if instance_path: if os.path.isfile(instance_path): # instance_path is a local path with open(instance_path) as fp: test_instance_json = json.load(fp) else: raise Exception("Error in local file path specified by instance_path.") else: test_identifier = test_id or alias if instance_id: url = self.url + "/tests/query/instances/" + instance_id elif test_id and version: url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_id + "/instances/?version=" + version elif alias and version: url = self.url + "/tests/" + quote(str(alias)) + "/instances/?version=" + version elif test_id and not version: url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_id + "/instances/latest" else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + quote(str(alias)) + "/instances/latest" response = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving test instance", response) test_instance_json = response.json() if isinstance(test_instance_json, list): # can have multiple instances with the same version but different parameters if len(test_instance_json) == 1: test_instance_json = test_instance_json[0] elif len(test_instance_json) > 1: return max(test_instance_json, key=lambda x: x['timestamp']) return test_instance_json
[docs] def list_test_instances(self, instance_path="", test_id="", alias=""): """Retrieve list of test instances belonging to a specified test. This can be retrieved in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `instance_path` 2. specify `test_id` 3. specify `alias` (of the test) Parameters ---------- instance_path : string Location of local JSON file with test instance metadata. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. Returns ------- dict[] Information about the test instances. Examples -------- >>> test_instances = test_library.list_test_instances(test_id="8b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec") """ if instance_path == "" and test_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("instance_path or test_id or alias needs to be provided for finding test instances.") if instance_path and os.path.isfile(instance_path): # instance_path is a local path with open(instance_path) as fp: test_instances_json = json.load(fp) else: if test_id: url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_id + "/instances/?size=100000" else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + quote(str(alias)) + "/instances/?size=100000" response = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving test instances", response) test_instances_json = response.json() return test_instances_json
[docs] def add_test_instance(self, test_id="", alias="", repository="", path="", version="", description="", parameters=""): """Register a new test instance. This allows to add a new instance to an existing test in the test library. The `test_id` or `alias` needs to be specified as input parameter. Parameters ---------- test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each test) associated with test instance. repository : string URL of Python package repository (e.g. github). path : string Python path (not filesystem path) to test source code within Python package. description : string, optional Text describing this specific test instance. parameters : string, optional Any additional parameters to be submitted to test, or used by it, at runtime. Returns ------- dict data of test instance that has been created. Examples -------- >>> instance = test_library.add_test_instance(test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec", repository="https://github.com/appukuttan-shailesh/morphounit.git", path="morphounit.tests.CellDensityTest", version="3.0") """ instance_data = locals() instance_data.pop("self") for key, val in instance_data.items(): if val == "": instance_data[key] = None test_id = test_id or alias if not test_id: raise Exception("test_id or alias needs to be provided for finding the test.") else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + quote(str(test_id)) + "/instances/" headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(instance_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 201: return response.json() else: handle_response_error("Error in adding test instance", response)
[docs] def edit_test_instance(self, instance_id="", test_id="", alias="", repository=None, path=None, version=None, description=None, parameters=None): """Edit an existing test instance. This allows to edit an instance of an existing test in the test library. The test instance can be specified in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify `instance_id` corresponding to test instance in test library 2. specify `test_id` and `version` 3. specify `alias` (of the test) and `version` Only the parameters being updated need to be specified. You cannot edit the test `version` in the latter two cases. To do so, you must employ the first option above. You can retrieve the `instance_id` via :meth:`get_test_instance` Parameters ---------- instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test instance. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. repository : string URL of Python package repository (e.g. github). path : string Python path (not filesystem path) to test source code within Python package. version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each test) associated with test instance. description : string, optional Text describing this specific test instance. parameters : string, optional Any additional parameters to be submitted to test, or used by it, at runtime. Returns ------- dict data of test instance that has was edited. Examples -------- >>> instance = test_library.edit_test_instance(test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec", repository="https://github.com/appukuttan-shailesh/morphounit.git", path="morphounit.tests.CellDensityTest", version="4.0") """ test_identifier = test_id or alias if instance_id == "" and (test_identifier == "" or version is None): raise Exception("instance_id or (test_id, version) or (alias, version) needs to be provided for finding a test instance.") instance_data = {} args = locals() for field in ("repository", "path", "version", "description", "parameters"): value = args[field] if value: instance_data[field] = value if instance_id: url = self.url + "/tests/query/instances/" + instance_id else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_identifier + "/instances/?version=" + version response0 = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response0.status_code != 200: raise Exception("Invalid test identifier and/or version") url = self.url + "/tests/query/instances/" + response0.json()[0]["id"] # todo: handle more than 1 instance in response headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.put(url, data=json.dumps(instance_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 200: return response.json() else: handle_response_error("Error in editing test instance", response)
[docs] def delete_test_instance(self, instance_id="", test_id="", alias="", version=""): """ONLY FOR SUPERUSERS: Delete an existing test instance. This allows to delete an instance of an existing test in the test library. The test instance can be specified in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify `instance_id` corresponding to test instance in test library 2. specify `test_id` and `version` 3. specify `alias` (of the test) and `version` Parameters ---------- instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test instance. test_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with test definition. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test definition. version : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with test instance. Note ---- * This feature is only for superusers! Examples -------- >>> test_library.delete_model_instance(test_id="8c7cb9f6-e380-452c-9e98-e77254b088c5") >>> test_library.delete_model_instance(alias="B1", version="1.0") """ test_identifier = test_id or alias if instance_id == "" and (test_identifier == "" or version == ""): raise Exception("instance_id or (test_id, version) or (alias, version) needs to be provided for finding a test instance.") if instance_id: url = self.url + "/tests/query/instances/" + instance_id else: url = self.url + "/tests/" + test_identifier + "/instances/" + version response0 = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response0.status_code != 200: raise Exception("Invalid test identifier and/or version") url = self.url + "/tests/query/instances/" + response0.json()[0]["id"] response = requests.delete(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 403: handle_response_error("Only SuperUser accounts can delete data", response) elif response.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in deleting test instance", response)
def _load_reference_data(self, uri_list): # Load the reference data ("observations"). observation_data = [] return_single = False if not isinstance(uri_list, list): uri_list = [uri_list] return_single = True for uri in uri_list: parse_result = urlparse(uri) datastore = URI_SCHEME_MAP[parse_result.scheme](auth=self.auth) observation_data.append(datastore.load_data(uri)) if return_single: return observation_data[0] else: return observation_data
[docs] def get_attribute_options(self, param=""): """Retrieve valid values for test attributes. Will return the list of valid values (where applicable) for various test attributes. The following test attributes can be specified: * cell_type * test_type * score_type * brain_region * recording_modality * species If an attribute is specified, then only values that correspond to it will be returned, else values for all attributes are returned. Parameters ---------- param : string, optional Attribute of interest Returns ------- dict Dictionary with key(s) as attribute(s), and value(s) as list of valid options. Examples -------- >>> data = test_library.get_attribute_options() >>> data = test_library.get_attribute_options("cell types") """ valid_params = ["species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "test_type", "score_type", "recording_modality", "implementation_status"] return self._get_attribute_options(param, valid_params)
[docs] def get_result(self, result_id=""): """Retrieve a test result. This allows to retrieve the test result score and other related information. The `result_id` needs to be specified as input parameter. Parameters ---------- result_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with result. Returns ------- dict Information about the result retrieved. Examples -------- >>> result = test_library.get_result(result_id="901ac0f3-2557-4ae3-bb2b-37617312da09") """ if not result_id: raise Exception("result_id needs to be provided for finding a specific result.") else: url = self.url + "/results/" + result_id response = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving result", response) result_json = renameNestedJSONKey(response.json(), "project_id", "collab_id") return result_json
[docs] def list_results(self, size=1000000, from_index=0, **filters): """Retrieve test results satisfying specified filters. This allows to retrieve a list of test results with their scores and other related information. Parameters ---------- size : positive integer Max number of results to be returned; default is set to 1000000. from_index : positive integer Index of first result to be returned; default is set to 0. **filters : variable length keyword arguments To be used to filter the results metadata. Returns ------- dict Information about the results retrieved. Examples -------- >>> results = test_library.list_results() >>> results = test_library.list_results(test_id="7b63f87b-d709-4194-bae1-15329daf3dec") >>> results = test_library.list_results(id="901ac0f3-2557-4ae3-bb2b-37617312da09") >>> results = test_library.list_results(model_instance_id="f32776c7-658f-462f-a944-1daf8765ec97") """ url = self.url + "/results/" url += "?" + urlencode(filters, doseq=True) + "&size=" + str(size) + "&from_index=" + str(from_index) response = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving results", response) result_json = response.json() return renameNestedJSONKey(result_json, "project_id", "collab_id")
[docs] def register_result(self, test_result, data_store=None, collab_id=None): """Register test result with HBP Validation Results Service. The score of a test, along with related output data such as figures, can be registered on the validation framework. Parameters ---------- test_result : :class:`sciunit.Score` a :class:`sciunit.Score` instance returned by `test.judge(model)` data_store : :class:`DataStore` a :class:`DataStore` instance, for uploading related data generated by the test run, e.g. figures. collab_id : str String input specifying the Collab path, e.g. 'model-validation' to indicate Collab 'https://wiki.ebrains.eu/bin/view/Collabs/model-validation/'. This is used to indicate the Collab where results should be saved. Note ---- Source code for this method still contains comments/suggestions from previous client. To be removed or implemented. Returns ------- dict data of test result that has been created. Examples -------- >>> score = test.judge(model) >>> response = test_library.register_result(test_result=score) """ if collab_id is None: collab_id = test_result.related_data.get("collab_id", None) if collab_id is None: raise Exception("Don't know where to register this result. Please specify `collab_id`!") model_catalog = ModelCatalog.from_existing(self) model_instance_uuid = model_catalog.find_model_instance_else_add(test_result.model)["id"] results_storage = [] if data_store: if not data_store.authorized: data_store.authorize(self.auth) # relies on data store using HBP authorization # if this is not the case, need to authenticate/authorize # the data store before passing to `register()` if data_store.collab_id is None: data_store.collab_id = collab_id files_to_upload = [] if "figures" in test_result.related_data: files_to_upload.extend(test_result.related_data["figures"]) if files_to_upload: list_dict_files_to_upload = [{"download_url": f["filepath"], "size": f["filesize"]} for f in data_store.upload_data(files_to_upload)] results_storage.extend(list_dict_files_to_upload) url = self.url + "/results/" result_json = { "model_instance_id": model_instance_uuid, "test_instance_id": test_result.test.uuid, "results_storage": results_storage, "score": int(test_result.score) if isinstance(test_result.score, bool) else test_result.score, "passed": None if "passed" not in test_result.related_data else test_result.related_data["passed"], #"platform": str(self._get_platform()), # not currently supported in v2 "project_id": collab_id, "normalized_score": int(test_result.score) if isinstance(test_result.score, bool) else test_result.score, } headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(result_json), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 201: print("Result registered successfully!") return renameNestedJSONKey(response.json(), "project_id", "collab_id") else: handle_response_error("Error registering result", response)
[docs] def delete_result(self, result_id=""): """ONLY FOR SUPERUSERS: Delete a result on the validation framework. This allows to delete an existing result info on the validation framework. The `result_id` needs to be specified as input parameter. Parameters ---------- result_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with result. Note ---- * This feature is only for superusers! Examples -------- >>> model_catalog.delete_result(result_id="2b45e7d4-a7a1-4a31-a287-aee7072e3e75") """ if not result_id: raise Exception("result_id needs to be provided for finding a specific result.") else: url = self.url + "/results/" + result_id model_image_json = requests.delete(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if model_image_json.status_code == 403: handle_response_error("Only SuperUser accounts can delete data", model_image_json) elif model_image_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in deleting result", model_image_json)
def _get_platform(self): """ Return a dict containing information about the platform the test was run on. """ # This needs to be extended to support remote execution, e.g. job queues on clusters. # Use Sumatra? network_name = platform.node() bits, linkage = platform.architecture() return dict(architecture_bits=bits, architecture_linkage=linkage, machine=platform.machine(), network_name=network_name, ip_addr=_get_ip_address(), processor=platform.processor(), release=platform.release(), system_name=platform.system(), version=platform.version())
[docs]class ModelCatalog(BaseClient): """Client for the HBP Model Catalog. The ModelCatalog client manages all actions pertaining to models. The following actions can be performed: ==================================== ==================================== Action Method ==================================== ==================================== Get model description :meth:`get_model` List model descriptions :meth:`list_models` Register new model description :meth:`register_model` Edit model description :meth:`edit_model` Get valid attribute values :meth:`get_attribute_options` Get model instance :meth:`get_model_instance` Download model instance :meth:`download_model_instance` List model instances :meth:`list_model_instances` Add new model instance :meth:`add_model_instance` Find model instance; else add :meth:`find_model_instance_else_add` Edit existing model instance :meth:`edit_model_instance` ==================================== ==================================== Parameters ---------- username : string Your HBP Collaboratory username. Not needed in Jupyter notebooks within the HBP Collaboratory. password : string, optional Your HBP Collaboratory password; advisable to not enter as plaintext. If left empty, you would be prompted for password at run time (safer). Not needed in Jupyter notebooks within the HBP Collaboratory. environment : string, optional Used to indicate whether being used for development/testing purposes. Set as `production` as default for using the production system, which is appropriate for most users. When set to `dev`, it uses the `development` system. Other environments, if required, should be defined inside a json file named `config.json` in the working directory. Example: .. code-block:: JSON { "prod": { "url": "https://validation-v1.brainsimulation.eu", "client_id": "3ae21f28-0302-4d28-8581-15853ad6107d" }, "dev_test": { "url": "https://localhost:8000", "client_id": "90c719e0-29ce-43a2-9c53-15cb314c2d0b", "verify_ssl": false } } token : string, optional You may directly input a valid authenticated token from Collaboratory v1 or v2. Note: you should use the `access_token` and NOT `refresh_token`. Examples -------- Instantiate an instance of the ModelCatalog class >>> model_catalog = ModelCatalog(username="<<hbp_username>>", password="<<hbp_password>>") >>> model_catalog = ModelCatalog(token="<<token>>") """ __test__ = False def __init__(self, username=None, password=None, environment="production", token=None): super(ModelCatalog, self).__init__(username, password, environment, token) self._set_app_info() def _set_app_info(self): if self.environment == "production": self.app_name = "Model Catalog" elif self.environment == "dev": self.app_name = "Model Catalog (dev)" elif self.environment == "integration": self.app_name = "Model Catalog (staging)" # def set_app_config(self, collab_id="", only_if_new=False, species="", brain_region="", cell_type="", model_scope="", abstraction_level="", organization=""): # # TODO: needs to be updated for Collab v2 # inputArgs = locals() # params = {} # params["url"] = self.url + "/parametersconfiguration-model-catalog/parametersconfigurationrest/" # params["only_if_new"] = only_if_new # params["config"] = inputArgs # params["config"].pop("self") # params["config"].pop("only_if_new") # params["config"]["app_type"] = "model_catalog" # self._configure_app_collab(params) # def set_app_config_minimal(self, project_="", only_if_new=False): # # TODO: needs to be updated for Collab v2 # inputArgs = locals() # species = [] # brain_region = [] # cell_type = [] # model_scope = [] # abstraction_level = [] # organization = [] # models = self.list_models(app_id=app_id) # if len(models) == 0: # print("There are currently no models associated with this Model Catalog app.\nConfiguring filters to show all accessible data.") # for model in models: # if model["species"] not in species: # species.append(model["species"]) # if model["brain_region"] not in brain_region: # brain_region.append(model["brain_region"]) # if model["cell_type"] not in cell_type: # cell_type.append(model["cell_type"]) # if model["model_scope"] not in model_scope: # model_scope.append(model["model_scope"]) # if model["abstraction_level"] not in abstraction_level: # abstraction_level.append(model["abstraction_level"]) # if model["organization"] not in organization: # organization.append(model["organization"]) # filters = {} # for key in ["collab_id", "app_id", "species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "model_scope", "abstraction_level", "organization"]: # if isinstance(locals()[key], list): # filters[key] = ",".join(locals()[key]) # else: # filters[key] = locals()[key] # params = {} # params["url"] = self.url + "/parametersconfiguration-model-catalog/parametersconfigurationrest/" # params["only_if_new"] = only_if_new # params["config"] = filters # params["config"]["app_type"] = "model_catalog" # self._configure_app_collab(params)
[docs] def get_model(self, model_id="", alias="", instances=True, images=True): """Retrieve a specific model description by its model_id or alias. A specific model description can be retrieved from the model catalog in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify the `model_id` 2. specify the `alias` (of the model) Parameters ---------- model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. instances : boolean, optional Set to False if you wish to omit the details of the model instances; default True. images : boolean, optional Set to False if you wish to omit the details of the model images (figures); default True. Returns ------- dict Entire model description as a JSON object. Examples -------- >>> model = model_catalog.get_model(model_id="8c7cb9f6-e380-452c-9e98-e77254b088c5") >>> model = model_catalog.get_model(alias="B1") """ if model_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("Model ID or alias needs to be provided for finding a model.") elif model_id != "": url = self.url + "/models/" + model_id else: url = self.url + "/models/" + quote(str(alias)) model_json = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if model_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving model", model_json) model_json = model_json.json() if instances is False: model_json.pop("instances") if images is False: model_json.pop("images") return renameNestedJSONKey(model_json, "project_id", "collab_id")
[docs] def list_models(self, size=1000000, from_index=0, **filters): """Retrieve list of model descriptions satisfying specified filters. The filters may specify one or more attributes that belong to a model description. The following model attributes can be specified: * alias * name * brain_region * species * cell_type * model_scope * abstraction_level * author * owner * organization * collab_id * private Parameters ---------- size : positive integer Max number of models to be returned; default is set to 1000000. from_index : positive integer Index of first model to be returned; default is set to 0. **filters : variable length keyword arguments To be used to filter model descriptions from the model catalog. Returns ------- list List of model descriptions satisfying specified filters. Examples -------- >>> models = model_catalog.list_models() >>> models = model_catalog.list_models(collab_id="model-validation") >>> models = model_catalog.list_models(cell_type="Pyramidal Cell", brain_region="Hippocampus") """ valid_filters = ["name", "alias", "brain_region", "species", "cell_type", "model_scope", "abstraction_level", "author", "owner", "organization", "collab_id", "private"] params = locals()["filters"] for filter in params: if filter not in valid_filters: raise ValueError("The specified filter '{}' is an invalid filter!\nValid filters are: {}".format(filter, valid_filters)) # handle naming difference with API: collab_id <-> project_id if "collab_id" in params: params["project_id"] = params.pop("collab_id") url = self.url + "/models/" url += "?" + urlencode(params, doseq=True) + "&size=" + str(size) + "&from_index=" + str(from_index) response = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) try: models = response.json() except (json.JSONDecodeError, simplejson.JSONDecodeError): handle_response_error("Error in list_models()", response) return renameNestedJSONKey(models, "project_id", "collab_id")
[docs] def register_model(self, collab_id=None, name=None, alias=None, author=None, owner=None, organization=None, private=False, species=None, brain_region=None, cell_type=None, model_scope=None, abstraction_level=None, project=None, license=None, description=None, instances=[], images=[]): """Register a new model in the model catalog. This allows you to add a new model to the model catalog. Model instances and/or images (figures) can optionally be specified at the time of model creation, or can be added later individually. Parameters ---------- collab_id : string Specifies the ID of the host collab in the HBP Collaboratory. (the model would belong to this collab) name : string Name of the model description to be created. alias : string, optional User-assigned unique identifier to be associated with model description. author : string Name of person creating the model description. organization : string, optional Option to tag model with organization info. private : boolean Set visibility of model description. If True, model would only be seen in host app (where created). Default False. species : string The species for which the model is developed. brain_region : string The brain region for which the model is developed. cell_type : string The type of cell for which the model is developed. model_scope : string Specifies the type of the model. abstraction_level : string Specifies the model abstraction level. owner : string Specifies the owner of the model. Need not necessarily be the same as the author. project : string Can be used to indicate the project to which the model belongs. license : string Indicates the license applicable for this model. description : string Provides a description of the model. instances : list, optional Specify a list of instances (versions) of the model. images : list, optional Specify a list of images (figures) to be linked to the model. Returns ------- dict Model description that has been created. Examples -------- (without instances and images) >>> model = model_catalog.register_model(collab_id="model-validation", name="Test Model - B2", alias="Model vB2", author="Shailesh Appukuttan", organization="HBP-SP6", private=False, cell_type="Granule Cell", model_scope="Single cell model", abstraction_level="Spiking neurons", brain_region="Basal Ganglia", species="Mouse (Mus musculus)", owner="Andrew Davison", project="SP 6.4", license="BSD 3-Clause", description="This is a test entry") (with instances and images) >>> model = model_catalog.register_model(collab_id="model-validation", name="Test Model - C2", alias="Model vC2", author="Shailesh Appukuttan", organization="HBP-SP6", private=False, cell_type="Granule Cell", model_scope="Single cell model", abstraction_level="Spiking neurons", brain_region="Basal Ganglia", species="Mouse (Mus musculus)", owner="Andrew Davison", project="SP 6.4", license="BSD 3-Clause", description="This is a test entry! Please ignore.", instances=[{"source":"https://www.abcde.com", "version":"1.0", "parameters":""}, {"source":"https://www.12345.com", "version":"2.0", "parameters":""}], images=[{"url":"http://www.neuron.yale.edu/neuron/sites/default/themes/xchameleon/logo.png", "caption":"NEURON Logo"}, {"url":"https://collab.humanbrainproject.eu/assets/hbp_diamond_120.png", "caption":"HBP Logo"}]) """ model_data = {} args = locals() # handle naming difference with API: collab_id <-> project_id args["project_id"] = args.pop("collab_id") for field in ["project_id", "name", "alias", "author", "organization", "private", "cell_type", "model_scope", "abstraction_level", "brain_region", "species", "owner", "project", "license", "description", "instances", "images"]: if args[field] or field == "private": model_data[field] = args[field] values = self.get_attribute_options() for field in ["species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "abstraction_level", "model_scope"]: if field in model_data and model_data[field] not in values[field] + [None]: raise Exception("{} = '{}' is invalid.\nValue has to be one of these: {}".format(field, model_data[field], values[field])) if private not in [True, False]: raise Exception("Model's 'private' attribute should be specified as True / False. Default value is False.") # format names of authors and owners as required by API for field in ("author", "owner"): if model_data[field]: model_data[field] = self._format_people_name(model_data[field]) url = self.url + "/models/" headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(model_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 201: return renameNestedJSONKey(response.json(), "project_id", "collab_id") else: handle_response_error("Error in adding model", response)
[docs] def edit_model(self, model_id=None, collab_id=None, name=None, alias=None, author=None, owner=None, organization=None, private=None, species=None, brain_region=None, cell_type=None, model_scope=None, abstraction_level=None, project=None, license=None, description=None): """Edit an existing model on the model catalog. This allows you to edit a new model to the model catalog. The `model_id` must be provided. Any of the other parameters maybe updated. Only the parameters being updated need to be specified. Parameters ---------- model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. collab_id : string Specifies the ID of the host collab in the HBP Collaboratory. (the model would belong to this collab) name : string Name of the model description to be created. alias : string, optional User-assigned unique identifier to be associated with model description. author : string Name of person creating the model description. organization : string, optional Option to tag model with organization info. private : boolean Set visibility of model description. If True, model would only be seen in host app (where created). Default False. species : string The species for which the model is developed. brain_region : string The brain region for which the model is developed. cell_type : string The type of cell for which the model is developed. model_scope : string Specifies the type of the model. abstraction_level : string Specifies the model abstraction level. owner : string Specifies the owner of the model. Need not necessarily be the same as the author. project : string Can be used to indicate the project to which the model belongs. license : string Indicates the license applicable for this model. description : string Provides a description of the model. Note ---- Model instances and images (figures) cannot be edited here. This has to be done using :meth:`edit_model_instance` and :meth:`edit_model_image` Returns ------- dict Model description that has been edited. Examples -------- >>> model = model_catalog.edit_model(collab_id="model-validation", name="Test Model - B2", model_id="8c7cb9f6-e380-452c-9e98-e77254b088c5", alias="Model-B2", author="Shailesh Appukuttan", organization="HBP-SP6", private=False, cell_type="Granule Cell", model_scope="Single cell model", abstraction_level="Spiking neurons", brain_region="Basal Ganglia", species="Mouse (Mus musculus)", owner="Andrew Davison", project="SP 6.4", license="BSD 3-Clause", description="This is a test entry") """ if not model_id: raise Exception("Model ID needs to be provided for editing a model.") model_data = {} args = locals() # handle naming difference with API: collab_id <-> project_id args["project_id"] = args.pop("collab_id") for field in ["project_id", "name", "alias", "author", "organization", "private", "cell_type", "model_scope", "abstraction_level", "brain_region", "species", "owner", "project", "license", "description"]: if args[field] or (field == "private" and args[field] != None): model_data[field] = args[field] values = self.get_attribute_options() for field in ("species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "abstraction_level", "model_scope"): if field in model_data and model_data[field] not in values[field] + [None]: raise Exception("{} = '{}' is invalid.\nValue has to be one of these: {}".format(field, model_data[field], values[field])) if private and private not in [True, False]: raise Exception("Model's 'private' attribute should be specified as True / False. Default value is False.") # format names of authors and owners as required by API for field in ("author", "owner"): if model_data.get(field): model_data[field] = self._format_people_name(model_data[field]) if "alias" in model_data and model_data["alias"] == "": model_data["alias"] = None if model_data.get("private", False) not in (True, False): raise Exception("Model's 'private' attribute should be specified as True / False. Default value is False.") headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} url = self.url + "/models/" + model_id response = requests.put(url, data=json.dumps(model_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 200: return renameNestedJSONKey(response.json(), "project_id", "collab_id") else: handle_response_error("Error in updating model", response)
[docs] def delete_model(self, model_id="", alias=""): """ONLY FOR SUPERUSERS: Delete a specific model description by its model_id or alias. A specific model description can be deleted from the model catalog, along with all associated model instances, images and results, in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify the `model_id` 2. specify the `alias` (of the model) Parameters ---------- model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. Note ---- * This feature is only for superusers! Examples -------- >>> model_catalog.delete_model(model_id="8c7cb9f6-e380-452c-9e98-e77254b088c5") >>> model_catalog.delete_model(alias="B1") """ if model_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("Model ID or alias needs to be provided for deleting a model.") elif model_id != "": url = self.url + "/models/" + model_id else: url = self.url + "/models/" + quote(str(alias)) model_json = requests.delete(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if model_json.status_code == 403: handle_response_error("Only SuperUser accounts can delete data", model_json) elif model_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in deleting model", model_json)
[docs] def get_attribute_options(self, param=""): """Retrieve valid values for attributes. Will return the list of valid values (where applicable) for various attributes. The following model attributes can be specified: * cell_type * brain_region * model_scope * abstraction_level * species * organization If an attribute is specified then, only values that correspond to it will be returned, else values for all attributes are returned. Parameters ---------- param : string, optional Attribute of interest Returns ------- dict Dictionary with key(s) as attribute(s), and value(s) as list of valid options. Examples -------- >>> data = model_catalog.get_attribute_options() >>> data = model_catalog.get_attribute_options("cell types") """ valid_params = ["species", "brain_region", "cell_type", "model_scope", "abstraction_level"] return self._get_attribute_options(param, valid_params)
[docs] def get_model_instance(self, instance_path="", instance_id="", model_id="", alias="", version=""): """Retrieve an existing model instance. A specific model instance can be retrieved in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `instance_path` 2. specify `instance_id` corresponding to model instance in model catalog 3. specify `model_id` and `version` 4. specify `alias` (of the model) and `version` Parameters ---------- instance_path : string Location of local JSON file with model instance metadata. instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model instance. model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each model) associated with model instance. Returns ------- dict Information about the model instance. Examples -------- >>> model_instance = model_catalog.get_model_instance(instance_id="a035f2b2-fe2e-42fd-82e2-4173a304263b") """ if instance_path == "" and instance_id == "" and (model_id == "" or version == "") and (alias == "" or version == ""): raise Exception("instance_path or instance_id or (model_id, version) or (alias, version) needs to be provided for finding a model instance.") if instance_path and os.path.isfile(instance_path): # instance_path is a local path with open(instance_path) as fp: model_instance_json = json.load(fp) else: if instance_id: url = self.url + "/models/query/instances/" + instance_id elif model_id and version: url = self.url + "/models/" + model_id + "/instances/?version=" + version else: url = self.url + "/models/" + quote(str(alias)) + "/instances/?version=" + version model_instance_json = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if model_instance_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving model instance", model_instance_json) model_instance_json = model_instance_json.json() # if specifying a version, this can return multiple instances, since instances # can have the same version but different parameters if len(model_instance_json) == 1: return model_instance_json[0] return model_instance_json
[docs] def download_model_instance(self, instance_path="", instance_id="", model_id="", alias="", version="", local_directory=".", overwrite=False): """Download files/directory corresponding to an existing model instance. Files/directory corresponding to a model instance to be downloaded. The model instance can be specified in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `instance_path` 2. specify `instance_id` corresponding to model instance in model catalog 3. specify `model_id` and `version` 4. specify `alias` (of the model) and `version` Parameters ---------- instance_path : string Location of local JSON file with model instance metadata. instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model instance. model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each model) associated with model instance. local_directory : string Directory path (relative/absolute) where files should be downloaded and saved. Default is current location. overwrite: Boolean Indicates if any existing file at the target location should be overwritten; default is set to False Returns ------- string Absolute path of the downloaded file/directory. Note ---- Existing files, if any, at the target location will be overwritten! Examples -------- >>> file_path = model_catalog.download_model_instance(instance_id="a035f2b2-fe2e-42fd-82e2-4173a304263b") """ model_source = self.get_model_instance(instance_path=instance_path, instance_id=instance_id, model_id=model_id, alias=alias, version=version)["source"] if model_source[-1]=="/": model_source = model_source[:-1] # remove trailing '/' Path(local_directory).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) fileList = [] if "drive.ebrains.eu/lib/" in model_source: # ***** Handles Collab storage urls ***** repo_id = model_source.split("drive.ebrains.eu/lib/")[1].split("/")[0] model_path = "/" + "/".join(model_source.split("drive.ebrains.eu/lib/")[1].split("/")[2:]) datastore = URI_SCHEME_MAP["collab_v2"](collab_id=repo_id, auth=self.auth) fileList = datastore.download_data(model_path, local_directory=local_directory, overwrite=overwrite) elif model_source.startswith("swift://cscs.ch/"): # ***** Handles CSCS private urls ***** datastore = URI_SCHEME_MAP["swift"]() fileList = datastore.download_data(str(model_source), local_directory=local_directory, overwrite=overwrite) elif model_source.startswith("https://object.cscs.ch/"): # ***** Handles CSCS public urls (file or folder) ***** model_source = urljoin(model_source, urlparse(model_source).path) # remove query params from URL, e.g. `?bluenaas=true` req = requests.head(model_source) if req.status_code == 200: if "directory" in req.headers["Content-Type"]: base_source = "/".join(model_source.split("/")[:6]) model_rel_source = "/".join(model_source.split("/")[6:]) dir_name = model_source.split("/")[-1] req = requests.get(base_source) contents = req.text.split("\n") files_match = [os.path.join(base_source, x) for x in contents if x.startswith(model_rel_source) and "." in x] local_directory = os.path.join(local_directory, dir_name) Path(local_directory).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) else: files_match = [model_source] datastore = URI_SCHEME_MAP["http"]() fileList = datastore.download_data(files_match, local_directory=local_directory, overwrite=overwrite) else: raise FileNotFoundError("Requested file/folder not found: {}".format(model_source)) else: # ***** Handles ModelDB and external urls (only file; not folder) ***** datastore = URI_SCHEME_MAP["http"]() fileList = datastore.download_data(str(model_source), local_directory=local_directory, overwrite=overwrite) if len(fileList) > 0: flag = True if len(fileList) == 1: outpath = fileList[0] else: outpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.commonprefix(fileList)) return os.path.abspath(outpath.encode('ascii')) else: print("\nSource location: {}".format(model_source)) print("Could not download the specified file(s)!") return None
[docs] def list_model_instances(self, instance_path="", model_id="", alias=""): """Retrieve list of model instances belonging to a specified model. This can be retrieved in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. load from a local JSON file specified via `instance_path` 2. specify `model_id` 3. specify `alias` (of the model) Parameters ---------- instance_path : string Location of local JSON file with model instance metadata. model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. Returns ------- list List of dicts containing information about the model instances. Examples -------- >>> model_instances = model_catalog.list_model_instances(alias="Model vB2") """ if instance_path == "" and model_id == "" and alias == "": raise Exception("instance_path or model_id or alias needs to be provided for finding model instances.") if instance_path and os.path.isfile(instance_path): # instance_path is a local path with open(instance_path) as fp: model_instances_json = json.load(fp) else: if model_id: url = self.url + "/models/" + model_id + "/instances/?size=100000" else: url = self.url + "/models/" + quote(str(alias)) + "/instances/?size=100000" model_instances_json = requests.get(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if model_instances_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in retrieving model instances", model_instances_json) model_instances_json = model_instances_json.json() return model_instances_json
[docs] def add_model_instance(self, model_id="", alias="", source="", version="", description="", parameters="", code_format="", hash="", morphology="", license=""): """Register a new model instance. This allows to add a new instance of an existing model in the model catalog. The `model_id` or 'alias' needs to be specified as input parameter. Parameters ---------- model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. source : string Path to model source code repository (e.g. github). version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each model) associated with model instance. description : string, optional Text describing this specific model instance. parameters : string, optional Any additional parameters to be submitted to model, or used by it, at runtime. code_format : string, optional Indicates the language/platform in which the model was developed. hash : string, optional Similar to a checksum; can be used to identify model instances from their implementation. morphology : string / list, optional URL(s) to the morphology file(s) employed in this model. license : string Indicates the license applicable for this model instance. Returns ------- dict data of model instance that has been created. Examples -------- >>> instance = model_catalog.add_model_instance(model_id="196b89a3-e672-4b96-8739-748ba3850254", source="https://www.abcde.com", version="1.0", description="basic model variant", parameters="", code_format="py", hash="", morphology="", license="BSD 3-Clause") """ instance_data = locals() instance_data.pop("self") for key, val in instance_data.items(): if val == "": instance_data[key] = None model_id = model_id or alias if not model_id: raise Exception("model_id or alias needs to be provided for finding the model.") else: url = self.url + "/models/" + quote(str(model_id)) + "/instances/" headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(instance_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 201: return response.json() else: handle_response_error("Error in adding model instance", response)
[docs] def find_model_instance_else_add(self, model_obj): """Find existing model instance; else create a new instance This checks if the input model object has an associated model instance. If not, a new model instance is created. Parameters ---------- model_obj : object Python object representing a model. Returns ------- dict data of existing or created model instance. Note ---- * `model_obj` is expected to contain the attribute `model_instance_uuid`, or both the attributes `model_uuid`/`model_alias` and `model_version`. Examples -------- >>> instance = model_catalog.find_model_instance_else_add(model) """ if not getattr(model_obj, "model_instance_uuid", None): # check that the model is registered with the model registry. if not hasattr(model_obj, "model_uuid") and not hasattr(model_obj, "model_alias"): raise AttributeError("Model object does not have a 'model_uuid'/'model_alias' attribute. " "Please register it with the Validation Framework and add the 'model_uuid'/'model_alias' to the model object.") if not hasattr(model_obj, "model_version"): raise AttributeError("Model object does not have a 'model_version' attribute") model_instance = self.get_model_instance(model_id=getattr(model_obj, "model_uuid", None), alias=getattr(model_obj, "model_alias", None), version=model_obj.model_version) if not model_instance: # check if instance doesn't exist # if yes, then create a new instance model_instance = self.add_model_instance(model_id=getattr(model_obj, "model_uuid", None), alias=getattr(model_obj, "model_alias", None), source=getattr(model_obj, "remote_url", ""), version=model_obj.model_version, parameters=getattr(model_obj, "parameters", "")) else: model_instance = self.get_model_instance(instance_id=model_obj.model_instance_uuid) return model_instance
[docs] def edit_model_instance(self, instance_id="", model_id="", alias="", source=None, version=None, description=None, parameters=None, code_format=None, hash=None, morphology=None, license=None): """Edit an existing model instance. This allows to edit an instance of an existing model in the model catalog. The model instance can be specified in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify `instance_id` corresponding to model instance in model catalog 2. specify `model_id` and `version` 3. specify `alias` (of the model) and `version` Only the parameters being updated need to be specified. You cannot edit the model `version` in the latter two cases. To do so, you must employ the first option above. You can retrieve the `instance_id` via :meth:`get_model_instance` Parameters ---------- instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model instance. model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. source : string Path to model source code repository (e.g. github). version : string User-assigned identifier (unique for each model) associated with model instance. description : string, optional Text describing this specific model instance. parameters : string, optional Any additional parameters to be submitted to model, or used by it, at runtime. code_format : string, optional Indicates the language/platform in which the model was developed. hash : string, optional Similar to a checksum; can be used to identify model instances from their implementation. morphology : string / list, optional URL(s) to the morphology file(s) employed in this model. license : string Indicates the license applicable for this model instance. Returns ------- dict data of model instance that has been edited. Examples -------- >>> instance = model_catalog.edit_model_instance(instance_id="fd1ab546-80f7-4912-9434-3c62af87bc77", source="https://www.abcde.com", version="1.0", description="passive model variant", parameters="", code_format="py", hash="", morphology="", license="BSD 3-Clause") """ if instance_id == "" and (model_id == "" or not version) and (alias == "" or not version): raise Exception("instance_id or (model_id, version) or (alias, version) needs to be provided for finding a model instance.") instance_data = {key:value for key, value in locals().items() if value is not None} # assign existing values for parameters not specified if instance_id: url = self.url + "/models/query/instances/" + instance_id else: model_identifier = quote(str(model_id or alias)) response0 = requests.get(self.url + f"/models/{model_identifier}/instances/?version={version}", auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if response0.status_code != 200: raise Exception("Invalid model_id, alias and/or version") model_data = response0.json()[0] # to fix: in principle, can have multiple instances with same version but different parameters url = self.url + f"/models/{model_identifier}/instances/{model_data['id']}" for key in ["self", "instance_id", "alias", "model_id"]: instance_data.pop(key) headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'} response = requests.put(url, data=json.dumps(instance_data), auth=self.auth, headers=headers, verify=self.verify) if response.status_code == 200: return response.json() else: handle_response_error("Error in editing model instance at {}".format(url), response)
[docs] def delete_model_instance(self, instance_id="", model_id="", alias="", version=""): """ONLY FOR SUPERUSERS: Delete an existing model instance. This allows to delete an instance of an existing model in the model catalog. The model instance can be specified in the following ways (in order of priority): 1. specify `instance_id` corresponding to model instance in model catalog 2. specify `model_id` and `version` 3. specify `alias` (of the model) and `version` Parameters ---------- instance_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model instance. model_id : UUID System generated unique identifier associated with model description. alias : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model description. version : string User-assigned unique identifier associated with model instance. Note ---- * This feature is only for superusers! Examples -------- >>> model_catalog.delete_model_instance(model_id="8c7cb9f6-e380-452c-9e98-e77254b088c5") >>> model_catalog.delete_model_instance(alias="B1", version="1.0") """ if instance_id == "" and (model_id == "" or not version) and (alias == "" or not version): raise Exception("instance_id or (model_id, version) or (alias, version) needs to be provided for finding a model instance.") if instance_id: id = instance_id # as needed by API if alias: model_alias = alias # as needed by API if instance_id: if model_id: url = self.url + "/models/" + model_id + "/instances/" + instance_id else: url = self.url + "/models/query/instances/" + instance_id else: raise NotImplementedError("Need to retrieve instance to get id") model_instance_json = requests.delete(url, auth=self.auth, verify=self.verify) if model_instance_json.status_code == 403: handle_response_error("Only SuperUser accounts can delete data", model_instance_json) elif model_instance_json.status_code != 200: handle_response_error("Error in deleting model instance", model_instance_json)
def _get_ip_address(): """ Not foolproof, but allows checking for an external connection with a short timeout, before trying socket.gethostbyname(), which has a very long timeout. """ try: s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) s.connect(("8.8.8.8", 80)) return s.getsockname()[0] except (OSError, URLError, socket.timeout, socket.gaierror): return "127.0.0.1"